I always think of bivouac as emergency camping. You didn't pick the spot, but stopped because you had too (injury, weather, etc... )
Dictionary: a temporary camp without tents or cover, used especially by soldiers or mountaineers.
As a mountaineer, it can mean the above. It can also mean an area where it is feasible to bivouac such as a ledge, or a small clearing.
Traditionally, yes, without a tent.
However, in recent decades, it has become commonly used more generally as a minimalist camp with few of no accommodations. . . for instance the "climbers bivouac area(s)" set up outside the main visitors areas of parks that don't otherwise allow camping, but want climbers to quit camping illegally. They often have a privy and sometimes a water spigot out in the woods or field.
I'm not lost. I'm exploring.
I second the idea of RON. Applicable and easy.
"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is most adaptable to change". Charles Darwin
Trailside — not sure if one word or two.
"Primitive camp" is the proper terminology....
Let's head for the roundhouse; they can't corner us there!